India’s Obsession with Skin Fairness and Whitening: Why?
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Why Fairness ?
Images of Facial Expressions. Considerable research shows that particular expressions are difficult to "read," and that the emotional content of an expression is often unclear (see the critique in Fridlund (1994)). Even something as simple as a "smile" can easily be misinterpreted or misrepresented (Ekman, Friesen, and Sullivan (1998), Leonard, Voeller, and Kuldau (1991), Fernandez-Dols and Rui...
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We live in the era of rankings. Universities are being ranked, journals are being ranked, and researchers are being ranked. In this era of rankings, the value of researchers is measured in the number of their papers published, the citations they received, and the volume of grant income earned. Academia today is governed by one simple rule: more is better. The idea to reward those who are produc...
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The use of skin lightening products is a widespread practice in sub-Saharan Africa. We observed this practice during a cooperative project conducted in Senegal. In this letter we do not provide an in-depth study or a detailed analysis, rather we give an outline of this practice, illustrating it with anecdotal cases that required attention due to the adverse effects caused by the skin lightening...
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Skin whitening products are commercially available for cosmetic purposes in order to obtain a lighter skin appearance. They are also utilized for clinical treatment of pigmentary disorders such as melasma or postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. Whitening agents act at various levels of melanin production in the skin. Many of them are known as competitive inhibitors of tyrosinase, the key enzyme ...
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Depigmentation and skin lightening products, which have been in use for ages in Asian countries where skin whiteness is a major esthetic criterion, are now also highly valued by Western populations, who expose themselves excessively to the sun and develop skin spots as a consequence. After discussing the various possible mechanisms of depigmentation, the different molecules that can be used as ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Pigmentary Disorders
سال: 2016
ISSN: 2376-0427
DOI: 10.4172/2376-0427.1000241